Recent studies have revealed encouraging new frontiers for therapeutic intervention in IBD. That involves new ways to address GI diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s. In particular, the star of the show is the aqueous extract from the fruit of the strawberry tree, or in fancy botanist speak, Arbutus unedo. As of 2019, more than 4.9 million people worldwide were living with IBD. This alarming statistic inspired researchers to find natural alternatives to traditional treatments.
Soumaya Wahabi carried out the study at the Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba in Tunisia. To her surprise, she found lots of evidence suggesting positive effects of this extract on gut health. Research originally intended to learn the impact of Arbutus unedo on obesity and constipation in obese rats. Smarting from these discoveries, researchers then wanted to investigate its anti-inflammatory effects specifically in the context of ulcerative colitis.
Wahabi explained, “We developed an interest in valorization of plants due to their impact on the gastrointestinal system. For the first time, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of Arbutus unedo aqueous fruit extract. Next, we looked to expand on its protective effects by studying its role against constipation in obese rats. The results showed the extract’s potential to prevent colon damage and inflammation associated with ulcerative colitis.
The phenolic compounds in Arbutus unedo, such as gallic, ellagic acid vantone and flavonoids have been shown to be helpful for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds are known to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Two processes that are key in the progression of ulcerative colitis. Wahabi highlighted the importance of this realization. He shared with us how Arbutus unedo extract can protect the colon from damage and alleviate the seriousness of ulcerative colitis.
Current treatments for ulcerative colitis either have severe side effects or lack long-term efficacy. Jillian Cohen, a healthcare expert, emphasized the need for more sustainable options: “Current treatments for ulcerative colitis can be life-changing, but they’re not without challenges — many come with significant side effects, high costs, or limited long-term effectiveness.” She mentioned that studying natural, anti-inflammatory compounds can offer a unique perspective.
In addition to Arbutus unedo, various other natural substances have been studied for their potential health benefits in relation to gut health and IBD. Bone broth, fish tofu and resveratrol found in grapes are just a few. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and curcumin from turmeric are well-known herbal anti-inflammatories. Quercetin, found in apples, onions, leafy greens and black tea, is recognized for not only its antioxidant power but its contribution to maintaining optimal immune function.
Additionally, glutathione and glutamine serve as important anti-inflammatory role players in gut physiology. In addition, while glutathione promotes immune function, glutamine aids in maintaining the mucosal layer of the gut lining. Polyphenols that are found in many foods, including fruits, vegetables, tea, and coffee, help protect the lining of the gut through their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
Cohen highlighted the importance of rigorous scientific evaluation of these natural therapies: “That said, ‘natural’ doesn’t always mean safe or risk-free. It’s important that these therapies are studied, however, rigorously — with no special favors — to ensure safety and effectiveness, just as is done for conventional treatments. To her mind, human clinical trials are required not just for efficacy but crucially, safety and tolerability.
Wahabi’s research uncovers promising implications for better controlling ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, it indicates that Arbutus unedo has a considerable ability to shield, repair, and improve gut health. Wahabi reiterated that the extract protects against colon lining injury and decreases the development of lesions. This would provide an attractive natural approach to reducing inflammation and protecting gut health in ulcerative colitis.
While research on Arbutus unedo is still in its early stages involving animal models, it underscores the potential benefits that natural products can offer in managing chronic conditions like ulcerative colitis. Cohen was firm on this point—we still have a lot to learn from the natural world. He’s an advocate for studying evidence-based, integrative approaches to more effectively address complex chronic conditions like ulcerative colitis.
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