Researchers have uncovered new insights into the biology of Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs) and Alzheimer's disease, potentially opening a window of opportunity to prevent cognitive decline. The study, employing a multipronged approach, identified a crucial stage in NFT development and pinpointed phosphorylation sites essential for their formation. This breakthrough comes as NFTs, formed through tau protein processes, are recognized as a hallmark of Alzheimer's.
The study successfully measured soluble tau assemblies in brain samples from individuals who had succumbed to Alzheimer's. This research suggests that once tau tangles appear on brain scans, cognitive decline may be imminent, emphasizing the importance of early detection.
"Once the tau tangles light up on a brain scan," explains Karikari, "it may be too late to put out the fire and their cognitive health can quickly deteriorate." – Thomas Karikari, Ph.D.
However, the study also highlights a significant limitation: it does not provide a clear understanding of the relationship between tau and NFTs. Despite this, the research offers valuable insights into potential preventive measures against Alzheimer's.
One of the critical findings is the differentiation between biomarkers and risk factors.
"It’s important to differentiate between a biomarker and a risk factor." – Adrian M. Owen, PhD
Biomarkers such as tau tangles can indicate the presence of NFTs before they become visible on brain scans. This distinction is crucial because a large percentage of individuals with brain amyloid-beta deposits never develop dementia.
"A large percentage of people who have brain amyloid-beta deposits will never develop dementia." – Thomas Karikari, Ph.D.
Adrian M. Owen, PhD, emphasizes the importance of early detection in providing peace of mind and aiding in end-of-life planning for those at risk of dementia.
"It can bring tremendous peace of mind — and assist with making end-of-life plans — to know that you are unlikely to be on the road to a dementing illness." – Adrian M. Owen, PhD
While the study presents promising results, experts caution that its testing methods were based on autopsies of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's posthumously.
"While this study offers some interesting results," he told MNT, "it’s important to remember that the testing methods used here were based on autopsies that examined brain tissues from people who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease after their deaths." – Chris Vercammen
Leave a Reply